在Salesforce中编写Unit Test
Unit Test 也是一个 Class 文件，所以在创建 Unit Test 的时候要选择 Test Class 类型来创建，请看如下截图（在Eclipse中）：
编写 Unit Test 基本流程为：
1）：创建模拟数据。
2）：调用Test.startTest方法。
3）：调用对应的我们所测试的方法。
4）：调用Test.stopTest()方法。
测试代码段一般会涉及到：测试属性，测试公共方法，测试静态方法，测试trigger。 请看如下代码段：
@isTest(SeeAllData = true)
private class EricSunUtilityTest {
static testMethod void myUnitTest() {
// first - what user profile are they? Sales Rep
Profile p = [select id from Profile where Name = 'Sales Rep' limit 1];
system.assert(p.id != null);
User u = [select id, territory__c from User where ProfileId =:p.id and IsActive = true and territory__c != null limit 1];
system.assert(u.id != null);
//**--------- create test data ---------------------**//
// create test data
Account a1 = new Account();
a1.Name = 'Test Account001';
a1.BDM_Owner__c = u.id;
a1.Type = 'Prospect';
insert a1;
system.assert(a1.id != null);
EricSunObject__c object1 = new EricSunObject__c();
object1.Name = 'Test Object001';
object1.OwnerId = u.id;
object1.MyDate = date.newinstance(2011,7,1);
system.runAs(u){
Test.startTest();
Test.setCurrentPage(Page.EricSunPage); //set which page
EricSunController con = new EricSunController(); //init the
integer year = EricSunController.thisYear; //test public variable
//test special account owner
ApexPages.currentPage().getParameters().put('uId',u.id); //set the parameter
con.ChangeOwner(); //test public function
EricSunController.MyBillins_Target_All(u.id); //test static function (Visualforce.remoting.Manager.invokeAction --> Remote Action)
insert object1;
system.assert(object1.id != null); //test trigger about EricSunObject__c (insert)
Test.stopTest();
}
}
}
编写完测试代码后，如何进行测试代码运行呢？请看如下过程：
Developer Console --- Test --- New Run --- （Run Your Selected Test）
运行完之后，我们可以在 File --- Open 中选择对应的所测试的文件，来查看Unit Test 的覆盖率。
或者直接在Eclipse中运行对应的Class并且查看结果
Run Test 如下图所示：
View Result 如下图所示：
更加具体的细节，请详看如下链接:
http://wiki.developerforce.com/page/An_Introduction_to_Apex_Code_Test_Methods
这里在简单的介绍一下 system.assert 的用法：
System.assert ---> 如果条件不满足将会抛出异常，通常我们不会在Trigger和Apex class中用到，但是在对应的Test中使用此方法是一个很好的处理方式
如何对 Generate From WSDL 所生成的 Apex Class 进行Unit Test
1）：Web Service 所对应的Class
//Generated by wsdl2apex
public class ITVDataFeedService {
public class ArrayOfNV {
public ITVDataFeedService.NV[] NV;
','-1','true'};
private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{'NV'};
}
public class ArrayOfFilterInfo {
public ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo[] FilterInfo;
','-1','true'};
private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{'FilterInfo'};
}
public class Feed_element {
public String FeedName;
public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo Filters;
public DateTime ChangedAfter;
','false'};
','false'};
','true'};
private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{'FeedName','Filters','ChangedAfter'};
}
public class NV {
public String N;
public String V;
private String[] N_att_info = new String[]{'N'};
private String[] V_att_info = new String[]{'V'};
private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{};
}
public class ArrayOfArrayOfNV {
public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV[] ArrayOfNV;
','-1','true'};
private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{'ArrayOfNV'};
}
public class ArrayOfString {
public String[] string_x;
','-1','true'};
private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{'string_x'};
}
public class FeedResponse_element {
public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV FeedResult;
','false'};
private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{'FeedResult'};
}
public class FilterInfo {
public String Name;
public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfString Values;
','false'};
','false'};
private String[] apex_schema_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/','true','false'};
private String[] field_order_type_info = new String[]{'Name','Values'};
}
public class DataFeedSoap {
public String endpoint_x = 'https://corp-services.jbhifi.com.au/ITVisions.Webservices/DataFeed.asmx';
public Map<String,String> inputHttpHeaders_x;
public Map<String,String> outputHttpHeaders_x;
public String clientCertName_x;
public String clientCert_x;
public String clientCertPasswd_x;
public Integer timeout_x;
private String[] ns_map_type_info = new String[]{'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/', 'ITVDataFeedService'};
public ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV Feed(String FeedName,ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo Filters,DateTime ChangedAfter) {
ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element request_x = new ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element();
request_x.FeedName = FeedName;
request_x.Filters = Filters;
request_x.ChangedAfter = ChangedAfter;
ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element response_x;
Map<String, ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element> response_map_x = new Map<String, ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element>();
response_map_x.put('response_x', response_x);
WebServiceCallout.invoke(
this,
request_x,
response_map_x,
new String[]{endpoint_x,
'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/Feed',
'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',
'Feed',
'http://www.itvisions.com.au/ITVisions.WebServices/',
'FeedResponse',
'ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element'}
);
response_x = response_map_x.get('response_x');
return response_x.FeedResult;
}
}
}
2）：Unit Test
@isTest
private with sharing class ITVDataFeedServiceTest {
static testMethod void coverTypes() {
// query for a test user
User u = [];
system.assert(u.id != null);
// run test as current test user
system.runAs(u){
// start test
Test.startTest();
// cover inner class
new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV();
new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo();
new ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element();
new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV();
new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfString();
new ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element();
new ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo();
new ITVDataFeedService.DataFeedSoap();
// end test
Test.stopTest();
}
}
static testMethod void coverMethods()
{
// query for a test user
User u = [];
system.assert(u.id != null);
// run test as current test user
system.runAs(u){
// start test
Test.startTest();
// cover method
new ITVDataFeedService.DataFeedSoap().Feed(null, null, null);
// end test
Test.stopTest();
}
}
private class WebServiceMockImpl implements WebServiceMock
{
public void doInvoke(
Object stub, Object request, Map<String, Object> response,
String endpoint, String soapAction, String requestName,
String responseNS, String responseName, String responseType)
{
if(request instanceof ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element)
response.put('response_x', new ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element());
return;
}
}
}
如何对调用 Web Service 中某些方法的 Apex Class 进行 Unit Test
1）：调用Web Service的Apex Class
public class CreditLimitController {
//added an instance varaible for the standard controller
private ApexPages.StandardController controller {get; set;}
// the actual account
private Account a;
public CreditLimitInfo creLimitInfo {get; set;}
private string feedName = 'CustomerCredit';
private string filterInfoName = 'CustomerID';
private ITVDataFeedService itvDFService = new ITVDataFeedService();
private ITVDataFeedService.DataFeedSoap dfSoap = new ITVDataFeedService.DataFeedSoap();
private ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo fInfo = new ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo();
private ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo filterInfoArray = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfFilterInfo();
private ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfString sArray = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfString();
public CreditLimitController(ApexPages.StandardController controller) {
//initialize the stanrdard controller
this.controller = controller;
this.a = (Account)controller.getRecord();
this.creLimitInfo = getCreditLimitInfo(this.a);
}
public CreditLimitInfo getCreditLimitInfo(Account acc) {
// call web service to get the credit limit by account id
fInfo.Name = filterInfoName;
string customerId = getCustomerId(acc);
string[] sArr = new string[] { customerId };
sArray.string_x = sArr;
fInfo.Values = sArray;
filterInfoArray.FilterInfo = new ITVDataFeedService.FilterInfo[] {fInfo};
ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV nvArrayArray = dfSoap.Feed(feedName, filterInfoArray, DateTime.now());
CreditLimitInfo currentCreditLimitInfo = new CreditLimitInfo();
if(nvArrayArray != null && nvArrayArray.ArrayOfNV != null){
for(ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV aNv : nvArrayArray.ArrayOfNV){
for(ITVDataFeedService.NV nv : aNv.NV){
if(nv.N == 'CustomerID'){
currentCreditLimitInfo.CustomerId = nv.V;
}
else if(nv.N == 'CreditLimit'){
currentCreditLimitInfo.CreditLimit = Decimal.valueOf(nv.V);
}
else if(nv.N == 'AvailableCredit'){
currentCreditLimitInfo.AvailableCredit = Decimal.valueOf(nv.V);
}
else if(nv.N == 'Balance'){
currentCreditLimitInfo.Balance = Decimal.valueOf(nv.V);
}
}
}
}
return currentCreditLimitInfo;
}
private string getCustomerId(Account acc){
string customerId = '';
if(acc != null && acc.Id != null){
List<Account> accList = [Select AccountNumber From Account Where Id =: acc.Id];
){
customerId = accList[].AccountNumber;
}
}
return customerId;
}
public class CreditLimitInfo {
public string CustomerId {get;set;}
public decimal CreditLimit {get;set;}
public decimal AvailableCredit {get;set;}
public decimal Balance {get;set;}
public CreditLimitInfo(){
CustomerId = '';
CreditLimit = ;
AvailableCredit = ;
Balance = ;
}
public CreditLimitInfo(string cusId, decimal creLimit, decimal avaCredit, decimal bal){
CustomerId = cusId;
CreditLimit = creLimit;
AvailableCredit = avaCredit;
Balance = bal;
}
}
}
2）：Unit Test
@isTest
private class CreditLimitControllerTest {
static testMethod void myUnitTest() {
// query for a test user
User u = [];
system.assert(u.id != null);
// insert test data
Account account001 = new Account(
Name = 'Test Account 0101',
AccountNumber = 'IN1200047',
Credit_Type__c = 'Account'
);
insert account001;
system.assert(account001.id != null);
// run test as current test user
system.runAs(u){
// start test
Test.startTest();
// This causes a fake response to be generated
Test.setMock(WebServiceMock.class, new WebServiceMockImpl());
Test.setCurrentPage(Page.CreditLimit);
ApexPages.StandardController sc = new ApexPages.StandardController(account001);
CreditLimitController con = new CreditLimitController(sc);
// test the constructor contains multiple parameters
CreditLimitController.CreditLimitInfo testCLI = ', 1111.00, 1111.00, 1111.00);
// end test
Test.stopTest();
}
}
private class WebServiceMockImpl implements WebServiceMock
{
public void doInvoke(
Object stub, Object request, Map<String, Object> response,
String endpoint, String soapAction, String requestName,
String responseNS, String responseName, String responseType)
{
if(request instanceof ITVDataFeedService.Feed_element){
// generate the fake data to test
ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element feedRes = new ITVDataFeedService.FeedResponse_element();
ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV aaOfNV = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfArrayOfNV();
ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV aOfNV = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV();
ITVDataFeedService.NV nvCustomerID = new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
nvCustomerID.N = 'CustomerID';
nvCustomerID.V = 'IN1200047';
ITVDataFeedService.NV nvCreditLimit = new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
nvCreditLimit.N = 'CreditLimit';
nvCreditLimit.V = '1000.11';
ITVDataFeedService.NV nvAvailableCredit = new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
nvAvailableCredit.N = 'AvailableCredit';
nvAvailableCredit.V = '1000.11';
ITVDataFeedService.NV nvBalance = new ITVDataFeedService.NV();
nvBalance.N = 'Balance';
nvBalance.V = '1000.11';
ITVDataFeedService.NV[] nvArray = new ITVDataFeedService.NV[] { nvCustomerID, nvCreditLimit, nvAvailableCredit, nvBalance };
aOfNV.NV = nvArray;
ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV[] aOfNVArray = new ITVDataFeedService.ArrayOfNV[] { aOfNV };
aaOfNV.ArrayOfNV = aOfNVArray;
feedRes.FeedResult = aaOfNV;
// set the fake data to response
response.put('response_x', feedRes);
}
}
}
}
更多详细信息请看如下链接：
http://andyinthecloud.com/2013/05/11/code-coverage-for-wsdl2apex-generated-classes/
http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/apexcode/Content/apex_callouts_wsdl2apex_testing.htm
如何对Salesforce提供的Restful Service所对应的Apex Class 进行 Unit Test， 请看如下链接：
http://salesforce.stackexchange.com/questions/4988/writing-test-classes-for-apex-restservice
还有一种偷懒的方式 请看： http://sfdc.arrowpointe.com/2009/05/01/testing-http-callouts/
如何对调用External Restful Service的Apex Class 进行 Unit Test， 请看如下链接：
http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/apexcode/Content/apex_classes_restful_http_testing_httpcalloutmock.htm
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